开音节和闭音节的单词

1、开音节

（1）以发音的元音字母结尾的单节。例：be，he。

（2）以辅音字母（r除外）+不发音的e结尾的音节。例：在重读的开音节中元音字母按字母名称读音。bake，rope，blame，kite，be，he，make，name，take，map，bag，note，no，mute，use。

2、闭音节

以一个或几个辅音字母（r除外）结尾而中间只有一个元音字母的音节，称为闭音节。例：map，desk，is。在重读的闭音节中元音字母读做短元音。book，egg，best，bit，fit，dog，lot，bus，cut。

概况

音标类似于汉语拼音，是记录音素的符号，是音素的标写符号，如汉语的拼音字母、英语的韦氏音标和国际音标等。它的制定原则是：一个音素只用一个音标表示，而一个音标并不只表示一个音素（双元音音标可以认为由1个双元音音素组成的，也可以认为由两个单元音音素组成；相对于单元音来说。由2个音素构成的音标我们称之为双元音）。

急急急~~读读下列句子，用It is...of...to do sth,it is...for...to do结构改写。

英 [?k'skju:s] 美 [?k?skjuz]

vt. 原谅；为…申辩；免除，宽免；给…免去

n. 借口，托辞；道歉，歉意；辩解；请假条

vi. 作为借口；请示宽恕；表示宽恕

网 络

借口； 原谅； 挡箭牌； 理由 复数：excuses 过去式：excused 过去分词：excused 现在分词：excusing 第三人称单数：excuses

词条标签：

CET4 CET6 考研 TOEFL

柯林斯高阶英汉双解学习词典 现代英汉综合大词典 英汉双向大词典

The noun is pronounced /?k'skju?s/. The verb is pronounced /?k'skju?z/. 名词读作 /?k'skju?s/。动词读作 /?k'skju?z/。

1. N-COUNT 可数名词借口;理由;辩解 An excuse is a reason which you give in order to explain why something has been done or has not been done, or in order to avoid doing something. 搭配模式：oft N for n/-ing

搭配模式：v-link PHR

语用信息：disapprovalIt is easy to find excuses for his indecisiveness...

为他的犹豫不决寻找借口是很容易的。

Once I had had a baby I had the perfect excuse to stay at home...

一旦有了宝宝，我就完全有理由呆在家里了。

If you stop making excuses and do it you'll wonder what took you so long.

如果你不再找理由而是干些实事，你就会惊讶自己怎么浪费了这么多时间。

If you say that there is no excuse for something, you are emphasizing that it should not happen, or expressing disapproval that it has happened.没有理由;不应该;不是…的理由

There's no excuse for behaviour like that...

没理由做出那种行为。

Solitude was no excuse for sloppiness.

独居不是邋遢的理由。

2. VERB 动词（尤指别人不赞同时）为…辩解，为…寻找理由 To excuse someone or excuse their behaviour means to provide reasons for their actions, especially when other people disapprove of these actions. 语法信息：V n by -ing

语法信息：V nHe excused himself by saying he was 'forced to rob to maintain my wife and cat'...

他辩解说自己是“为了供养妻子和猫儿被迫去抢劫的”。

That doesn't excuse my mother's behaviour.

那并不能为我母亲的行为辩解。

3. VERB 动词原谅;宽恕 If you excuse someone for something wrong that they have done, you forgive them for it. 语法信息：V n for n/-ing

语法信息：Also V nMany people might have excused them for shirking some of their responsibilities.

很多人可能已经原谅了他们逃避责任的行为。

4. VERB 动词使免除（责任、义务等） If someone is excused from a duty or responsibility, they are told that they do not have to carry it out. 语法信息：be V-ed from n/-ing

语法信息：be V-ed n

搭配模式：usu passiveShe is usually excused from her duties during the school holidays...

在学校放假期间，她通常不必担负职责。

She was excused duties on Saturday.

星期六她不用工作。

5. VERB 动词准许…离开;让…离开 If you excuse yourself, you use a phrase such as 'Excuse me' as a polite way of saying that you are about to leave. 语法信息：V pron-reflHe excused himself and went up to his room.

他告辞后回到他楼上的房间。

6. CONVENTION 惯用语对不起，劳驾，打扰一下（用于礼貌地引起注意，尤其是要提问时） You say 'Excuse me' when you want to politely get someone's attention, especially when you are about to ask them a question. 语用信息：formulaeExcuse me, but are you Mr Honig?

请问，您是霍尼格先生吗？

7. CONVENTION 惯用语对不起，抱歉（用于因打扰或打断对方而道歉） You use excuse me to apologize to someone when you have disturbed or interrupted them. 语用信息：formulaeExcuse me interrupting, but there's a thing I feel I've got to say.

抱歉打断一下，我觉得有件事我得说。

8. CONVENTION 惯用语对不起，抱歉（用于礼貌地表示要离开或者停止和对方交谈） You use excuse me or a phrase such as if you'll excuse me as a polite way of indicating that you are about to leave or that you are about to stop talking to someone. 语用信息：politeness'Excuse me,' she said to Jarvis, and left the room...

“抱歉出去一下，”她对贾维斯说，然后离开了房间。

Now if you'll excuse me, I've got work to do.

对不起，这会儿我有工作要做。

9. CONVENTION 惯用语对不起，抱歉（用于表示反对） You use excuse me, but to indicate that you are about to disagree with someone. 语域标签：mainly BRIT 主英Excuse me, but I want to know what all this has to do with us.

抱歉，我想知道所有这些和我们有什么关系。

10. CONVENTION 惯用语对不起，抱歉，借过（用于因为撞到某人或者在人群中挤过时表示道歉） You say excuse me to apologize when you have bumped into someone, or when you need to move past someone in a crowd. 语用信息：formulaeSaying excuse me, pardon me, Seaton pushed his way into the crowded living room.

西顿一边说对不起、借过，一边挤过人群进入拥挤的客厅。

11. CONVENTION 惯用语抱歉，对不起（用于为打嗝、打喷嚏等失礼行为道歉） You say excuse me to apologize when you have done something slightly embarrassing or impolite, such as burping, hiccupping, or sneezing. 语用信息：formulae12. CONVENTION 惯用语对不起，请再说一遍 You say 'Excuse me?' to show that you want someone to repeat what they have just said. 语用信息：formulae

语域标签：AM 美in BRIT, usually use 英国英语通常用 pardon, sorry

用of的话，句中的形容词描述的是人的品质，如nice, kind, polite等，很明显这些形容词主语直接就是某人~

用for的话，句中形容词指的是一件事情的性质，如important, easy, difficult等来描述一件事情，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式，it是形式主语~

所以，上述句子的答案为：It is very nice of you to offer me a seat.

It is very important for you to practice English.

It is difficuclt for you to finish the work.

It is impolite of you to fool your teacher.