英国入境对携带宠物具体有哪些规定

1. Overview

　You can enter or return to the UK with your pet cat, dog or ferret if it:

　has been microchipped

　has a pet passport or third-country official veterinary certificate

　has been vaccinated against rabies - it will also need a blood test if you?re travelling from an ?unlisted country?

　Dogs must also usually have a tapeworm treatment.

　Your pet may be put into quarantine for up to 4 months if you don?t follow these rules - or refused entry if you travelled by sea. You?re responsible for any fees or charges.

　You must follow extra rules if the animals will be:

　sold in the UK from outside the EU or inside the EU

　re-homed in the UK from inside or outside the EU

　There are different rules for entering other countries from the UK with your pet. Check the rules for the country you?re travelling to.

　 Before you travel

　Check if the company you?re travelling with:

　will accept your pet for travel - and how many they?ll accept if you have more than one

　needs any proof that your pet is fit and healthy to travel, for example aletter from a vet or certain information in your pet passport

　 Travelling with your pet

　Your pet must arrive in the UK no more than 5 days before or after you, or you?ll have to follow different rules.

　You must use an approved transport company and route unless you?re travelling between the UK and Ireland.

　You need to fill in a declaration confirming that you aren?t going to sell or transfer the ownership of your pet.

　 Authorising someone else to travel with your pet

　Your pet can travel with someone else if you?ve authorised it in writing.

　 Bringing other animals

　The rules are different if you?re bringing other animals into the UK.

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　 2. Where you're travelling from

　The rules for bringing your pet cat, dog or ferret into the UK depend on whether you?re coming from:

　an EU country, or another country the UK accepts pet passports from

　 a listed country

　an unlisted country - a country the UK doesn?t accept a pet passport from, and one that isn?t a listed country

　 Countries the UK accepts pet passports from

　As well as all countries in the EU, the UK also accepts pet passports from:

　Andorra

　Azores and Madeira

　Canary Islands

　French Guiana

　Gibraltar

　Greenland and the Faroe Islands

　Guadeloupe

　Iceland

　Liechtenstein

　Martinique

　Monaco

　Norway

　Reunion

　San Marino

　Switzerland

　Vatican City

　Listed countries

　 The listed countries are:

　Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Aruba, Ascension Island, Australia, Bahrain, Barbados, Belarus, Bermuda, BES Islands (Bonair, Saint Eustatius and Saba), Bosnia-Herzegovina, British Virgin Islands, Canada, Cayman Islands, Chile, Cura?ao, Falkland Islands, Fiji, French Polynesia, Hong Kong, Japan, Malaysia, Mauritius, Mexico, Montserrat, New Caledonia, New Zealand, Russian Federation, Saint Maarten, Singapore, St Helena, St Kitts and Nevis, St Lucia, St Pierre and Miquelon, St Vincent and The Grenadines, Taiwan, The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Trinidad and Tobago, United Arab Emirates, USA (includes American Samoa, Guam, Northern Mariana Islands, Puerto Rico and the US virgin Islands), Vanuatu, Wallis and Futuna.

　If you?re travelling from Jamaica, you must have your pet microchipped and vaccinated in a different non-EU listed country or put your pet into quarantine.

　There are more rules if you?re entering the UK with a cat from Australiaor a cat or dog from Malaysia.

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　 3. Pet passport and other documents

　You need a pet passport for your dog, cat or ferret if they?ll be travelling:

　to the UK from an EU country, or another country the UK accepts pet passports from

　from the UK to a listed or unlisted country and then returning to the UK - you can?t do this after your pet?s rabies vaccination has expired

　There has been no change to the rights and status of EU nationals in the UK, and UK nationals in the EU, as a result of the referendum.

　If they?re coming from a listed or unlisted country, you need a third-country official veterinary certificate if they don?t have a pet passport.

　You must bring originals of all your pet?s documents, not photocopies.

　 Getting a pet passport

　Pet passports list the different treatments your pet has had.

　You can get one from certain vets in EU countries, and other countries the UK accepts pet passports from. If your vet doesn?t issue pet passports, ask them for the nearest that does, or contact the Animal and Plant Health Agency.

　You?ll need to take your pet, its identity and vaccination records and any rabies blood test results (if you have them) when you get a pet passport.

　The passport is only valid if you meet the entry requirements. You don?t need to get a new style passport (issued from 29 December 2014) until all the treatment spaces are full.

　You should travel with previous pet passports in some cases, for example if your pet has had a blood test. Ask your vet if you think this applies to your pet.

　Only vets in countries that the UK accepts pet passports from can enter information into the pet passport (except for tapeworm treatments).

　 Before you travel

　Check that the vet has filled in the following sections in the pet passport:

　details of ownership - you must sign section I if your pet passport was issued on or after 29 December 2014

　description of animal

　marking or identification of animal

　vaccination against rabies

　rabies blood test (if needed)

　details of the vet issuing the passport (for passports issued from 29 December 2014)

　your dog?s tapeworm treatment (if needed)

　 Third-country official veterinary certificate

　To enter or return to the EU from listed or unlisted countries you need either:

　a third-country official veterinary certificate and any other documents listed on it

　a pet passport if your pet was given it before leaving the EU

　 When you can use a certificate

　Your pet must arrive in an EU country within 10 days of the certificate being issued. It?s valid for 4 months for further travel within the EU.

　You should get the person who checks your pet when you arrive in the EU to sign and stamp the certificate.

　 When you can use a pet passport

　You don?t need a third-country official veterinary certificate if your pet was issued with a pet passport before leaving the EU and the treatments are still valid. Any booster vaccinations or blood tests carried out from outside the EUmust be recorded on a third-country official veterinary certificate.

　 Exchanging the certificate for a pet passport

　You can exchange the certificate for an EU pet passport if:

　it expires while your pet is in the EU

　your pet needs a rabies booster vaccination while it?s in the EU

　you want to keep travelling within the EU after the certificate has expired

　You?ll have to show the vet:

　the certificate

　your pet?s identity and vaccination record

　the blood test results (if needed)

　 Cats from Australia

　To bring a cat into the UK from Australia, you must have a certificate from theAustralian Department of Agriculture confirming your cat hasn?t been exposed to the Hendra virus in the 60 days before you left.

　 Dogs and cats from Peninsular Malaysia

　You must have a certificate from the Malaysian government veterinary health services to bring your dog or cat into the UK from Peninsular Malaysia. The certificate must show your pet:

　hasn?t had contact with pigs in the 60 days before you left

　hasn?t been on a holding where Nipah disease has been found in the 60 days before you left

　has a negative blood test result for Nipah virus antibody - the test must be carried out by a laboratory approved for Nipah virus on a blood sample taken no more than 10 days before you leave

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　 4. Microchip

　Your pet must be microchipped before they get a rabies vaccination or they?ll need to be vaccinated again.

　Microchipping for pet travel can only be done by:

　a vet

　a vet nurse, student vet or student vet nurse (directed by a vet)

　someone trained in microchipping before 29 December 2014, and with practical experience

　someone who has been assessed on an approved training course - contactDARD if the course was in Northern Ireland

　Make sure your vet puts the microchip number in your pet passport or third-country official veterinary certificate. The date must be before your pet?s vaccinations.

　 Reading the microchip

　Airlines and train and ferry companies in the EU can read microchips that meet International Organization for Standardization (ISO) standards ISO 11784 andISO 11785 when you check in for your journey.

　You may have to bring your own microchip reader when you travel if your pet?s microchip doesn?t meet ISO standards. You should check with your travel company before you leave.

　Your pet could be refused entry or put into quarantine if its microchip can?t be read when you enter or return to the UK.

　If the microchip can?t be read

　You?ll have to do all the preparation again if your vet can?t read the microchip. This means you?ll have to ask your vet to:

　re-chip your pet

　re-vaccinate your pet

　take new blood tests if you?re travelling from an unlisted country

　issue a new pet passport

　You?ll have to wait the required time before you can travel if your dog is re-vaccinated or has new blood tests.

　 If the microchip can only sometimes be read

　Your vet should try to read the microchip - if they get a reading they can then re-chip your pet (the original chip isn?t removed).

　This must be recorded in the current pet passport or a new passport with:

　the number of the old and new chips

　the date they were read

　the date the new chip was inserted

　The vet must sign and stamp the page in the pet passport.

　Your vet should record in the ?Others? section of the pet passport that your pet has been re-chipped.

　 Pet passports issued from 29 December 2014

　You must get a new pet passport if your pet is re-chipped because its microchip can?t always be read.

　The vet needs to:

　get a reading from the old chip

　insert a new chip

　issue a new pet passport

　record both microchips in the ?Marking of animals? section in the pet passport

　You won?t need to prepare your pet again for travel.

　 Tattoo

　You don?t need to have your pet microchipped if it?s been tattooed with an identification number and all of the following are true:

　your pet was tattooed on or before 3 July 2011

　the tattoo is clearly legible

　your pet was vaccinated against rabies after it was tattooed

　Your vet must record the date of tattooing, the tattoo number and the date of the rabies vaccination in the pet passport or third-country official veterinary certificate.

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　 5. Rabies vaccination, boosters and blood tests

　You must get your dog, cat or ferret vaccinated against rabies before it can travel. Your vet needs proof that your pet?s at least 12 weeks old before vaccinating them.

　Your pet must be microchipped before their vaccination or they?ll need to be vaccinated again.

　The vaccine must be an inactivated vaccine or recombinant vaccine that?s approved in the country of use.

　 Countries the UK accepts pet passports from and listed countries

　You must wait 21 days after the vaccination (or the last of the primary course of vaccinations) before bringing your pet to the UK from:

　an EU country, or another country the UK accepts pet passports from

　a listed country

　 Unlisted countries

　You must follow certain rules after having your pet vaccinated if you?re travelling to the UK from an unlisted country:

　Your pet must have a blood sample taken at least 30 days after the rabies vaccination.

　Your vet must send the blood sample to an EU-approved blood testing laboratory from either inside the EU or outside the EU.

　The results of the blood test must show that the vaccination was successful (rabies antibody level of at least 0.5 IU/ml).

　You must wait 3 months from the date the blood sample was taken before you travel - you don?t need to wait if your pet was vaccinated, blood tested and given a pet passport in the EU before travelling to an unlisted country.

　The vet must give you a copy of the test results and enter the day the blood sample was taken in a third-country official veterinary certificate.

　The blood test will continue to be valid as long as your pet?s rabies vaccinations are kept up to date.

　 Booster vaccinations

　You must get regular booster vaccinations for your pet. Check your pet passport or third-country official veterinary certificate to find out when the booster vaccination is due.

　Get a third-country official veterinary certificate if your pet needs a booster vaccination while you?re outside the EU.

　If you miss the booster and you?re travelling from an unlisted country, your pet will need to be vaccinated and blood tested again and you?ll have to wait for 3 months before travelling.

　 Vaccination record

　Your pet?s vaccination record in their passport or third-country official veterinary certificate must show:

　your pet?s date of birth

　microchip number, date it was put in or read, and where it is on your pet?s body

　vaccination date

　vaccine manufacturer and product name, for example Nobivac

　vaccine batch number

　date the vaccination is valid until

　the vet?s signature and contact details

　Your pet can be stopped from travelling if the details in their pet passport are in the wrong place.

　 Pet passports issued from 29 December 2014

　The vet only needs to fill in the ?valid from? date for the first vaccination (or re-vaccination if you missed a booster).

　If the rabies vaccination record is a sticker, it must be covered by a laminated strip (included with the pet passport).

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6. Tapeworm treatment for dogs

　A vet must treat your dog for tapeworm and record it in the pet passport or third-country official veterinary certificate every time you want to bring it to the UK.

　The treatment must have been given no less than 24 hours and no more than 120 hours (5 days) before you enter the UK. Your dog can be refused entry orput into quarantine if you don?t follow this rule.

　You don?t need to treat your dog for tapeworm if you?re coming directly to the UK from Finland, Ireland, Malta or Norway.

　 The treatment must:

　be approved for use in the country it?s being given in

　have praziquantel or an equivalent as its active ingredient

　 Short trips

　If you?re leaving the UK for a short trip, your dog must be treated by a vet before you go. You must wait for 24 hours before re-entering the UK and return within 120 hours or you?ll need to get another treatment abroad.

　You should treat your dog again within 28 days of returning to the UK.

　 Information your vet needs to record

　Check the vet has put the following details in the ?Echinococcus treatment? section of your dog?s pet passport or certificate:

　the name and manufacturer of the product

　the date and time they treated your dog

　their stamp and signature

中华人民共和国 People's Republic of China 北京 Beijing

蒙古 Mongolia 乌兰巴托 Elggydggmgj

朝鲜 Democratic People's Republic of Korea 平壤 Pyongyang

韩国 Republic of Korea 汉城 Seoul

日本 Japan 东京 Tokyo

菲律宾 Republic of the Philippines 马尼拉 Manila

印度尼西亚 Republic of Indonesia 雅加达 Jakarta

文莱 Brunei Darussalam 斯里巴加湾市 Bandar Seri Begawan

新加坡 Republic of Singapore 新加坡 Singapore

泰国 Kingdom of Thailand 曼谷 Bangkok

马来西亚 Malaysia 吉隆坡 Kuala Lumpur

越南 Socialist Republic of Vietnam 河内 Hanoi

老挝 Lao People's Democratic Republic 万象 Vientiane

柬埔寨 Kingdom of Cambodia 金边 Phnom Penh

缅甸 Union of Myanmar 仰光 Yangon

不丹 Kingdom of Bhutan 廷布 Thimphu

东帝汶 Democratic Republic of East Timor 帝力 Dili

尼泊尔 Kingdom of Nepal 加德满都 Kathmandu

印度 Republic of India 新德里 New Delhi

孟加拉国 People's Republic of Bangladesh 达卡 Dhaka

斯里兰卡 Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka 科伦坡 Colombo

马尔代夫 Republic of Maldives 马累 Male

巴基斯坦 Islamic Republic of Pakistan 伊斯兰堡 Islamabad

阿富汗 Islamic State of Afghanistan 喀布尔 Kabul

塔吉克斯坦 Republic of Tajikistan 杜尚别 Dushanbe

吉尔吉斯斯坦 Kyrgyz Republic 比什凯克 Bishkek

哈萨克斯坦 Republic of Kazakhstan 阿斯塔纳 Astana

乌兹别克期坦 Republic of Uzbekistan 塔什干 Tashkent

土库曼斯坦 Republic of Turkmenistan 阿什哈巴德 Ashgabat

伊朗 Islamic Republic of Iran 德黑兰 Tehran

伊拉克 Republic of Iraq 巴格达 Baghdad

科威特 State of Kuwait 科威特城 Kuwait

卡塔尔 State of Qatarc 多哈 Doha

阿拉伯联合酋长国 United Arab Emirates 阿布扎比 Abu Dhabi

巴林 Kingdom of Bahrain 麦纳麦 Manama

阿曼 Sultanate of Oman 马斯喀特 Muscat

也门 Republic of Yemen 萨那 Sanaa

沙特阿拉伯 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia 利雅得 Riyadh

约旦 Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan 安曼 Amman

巴勒斯坦 State of Palestine 耶路撒冷 Jerusalem

以色列 State of Israel 耶路撒冷 Jerusalem

叙利亚 Syrian Arab Republic 大马士革 Damascus

黎巴嫩 Lebanese Republic 贝鲁特 Beirut

塞浦路斯 Republic of Cyprus 尼科西亚 Nicosia

土耳其 Republic of Turkey 安卡拉 Ankara

阿塞拜疆 Republic of Azerbaijan 巴库 Baku

格鲁吉亚 Georgia 第比利斯 T'bilisi

亚美尼亚 Republic of Armenia 埃里温 Yerevan

挪威 Kingdom of Norway 奥斯路 Oslo

冰岛 Republic of Iceland 雷克雅未克 Reykjavik

瑞典 Kingdom of Sweden 斯德哥尔摩 Stockholm

芬兰 Republic of Finland 赫尔辛基 Helsinki

爱沙尼亚 Republic of Estonia 塔林 Tallinn

拉脱维亚 Republic of Latvia 里加 Riga

立陶宛 Republic of Lithuania 维尔纽斯 Vilnius

白俄罗斯 Republic of Belarus 明斯克 Minsk

俄罗斯 Russian Federation 莫斯科 Moscow

乌克兰 Ukraine 基辅 Kiev

摩尔多瓦 Republic of Moldova 基希讷乌 Chisinau

波兰 Republic of Poland 华沙 Warsaw

捷克 Czech Republic 布拉格Prague

斯洛伐克 Slovak Republic 布拉提斯拉发 Bratislava

匈牙利 Republic of Hungary 布达佩斯 Budapest

德国 Federal Republic of Germany 柏林 Berlin

英国 United kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland 伦敦 London

爱尔兰 Ireland 都柏林 Dublin

丹麦 Kingdom of Denmark 哥本哈根 Copenhagen

荷兰 Kingdom of the Netherlands 阿姆斯特丹 Amsterdam

摩纳哥 Principality of Monaco 摩纳哥 Monaco

法国 French Republic 巴黎 Paris

比利时 Kingdom of Belgium 布鲁塞尔 Brussels

卢森堡 Grand Duchy of Luxembourg 卢森堡 Luxembourg

奥地利 Republic of Austria 维也纳 Vienna

瑞士 Swiss Confederation 伯尔尼 Bern

列支敦士登 Principality of Liechtenstein 瓦杜兹 Vaduz

西班牙 Kingdom of Spain 马德里 Madrid

安道尔 Principality of Andorra 安道尔 Andorra la Vella

葡萄牙 Portuguese Republic 里斯本 Lisbon

意大利 Italian Republic 罗马 Rome

马耳他 Republic of Malta 瓦莱塔 Bamako

圣马力诺 Republic of San Marino 圣马力诺 San Marino

梵蒂冈 Vatican City 梵蒂冈 Port-au-Prince

斯洛文尼亚 Republic of Slovenia 卢布尔雅那 Ljubljana

克罗地亚 Republic of Croatia 萨格勒布 Zagreb

波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那 Bosnia and Herzegovina 萨拉热窝 Sarajevo

南斯拉夫 Federal Republic of Yugoslavia 贝尔格莱德 Belgrade

马其顿 Republic of Macedonia 斯科普里 Skopje

阿尔巴尼亚 Republic of Albania 地拉那 Tirana

罗马尼亚 Romania 布加勒斯特 Bucharest

保加利亚 Republic of Bulgaria 索非亚 Sofia

希腊 Hellenic Republic 雅典 Athens

埃及 Arab Republic of Egypt 开罗 Cairo

苏丹 Republic of the Sudan 喀土穆 Khartoum

埃塞俄比亚 Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia 亚的斯亚贝巴 Addis Ababa

厄立特里亚 State of Eritrea 阿斯马拉 Asmara

吉布提 Republic of Djibouti 吉布提 Djibouti

索马里 Somali Republic 摩加迪沙 Mogadishu

利比亚 Socialist People's Libyan Arab Jamahiriya 的黎波里 Tripoli

阿尔及利亚 Democratic People's Republic of Algeria 阿尔及尔 Algiers

突尼斯 Republic of Tunisia 突尼斯 Tunis

摩洛哥 Kingdom of Morocco 拉巴特 Rabat

佛得角 Republic of Cape Verde 普拉亚 Praia

毛里塔尼亚 Islamic Republic of Mauritania 努瓦克肖特 Nouakchott

马里 Republic of Mali 巴马科 Bamako

塞内加尔 Republic of Senegal 达喀尔 Dakar

冈比亚 Republic of the Gambia 班珠尔 Banjul

几内亚比绍 Republic of Guinea-Bissau 比绍 Bissau

几内亚 Republic of Guinea 科纳克里 Conakry

塞拉利昂 Republic of Sierra Leone 弗里敦 Freetown

利比里亚 Republic of Liberia 蒙罗维亚 Monrovia

科特迪瓦 Republic of Cote d'Ivoire 亚穆苏克罗 Yamoussoukro

布基纳法索 Burkina Faso 瓦加杜古 Ouagadougou

尼日尔 Republic of Niger 尼亚美 Niamey

乍得 Republic of Chad 恩贾梅纳 N'Djamena

尼日利亚 Federal Republic of Nigeria 阿布贾 Abuja

加纳 Republic of Ghana 阿克拉 Accra

多哥 Togolese Republic 洛美 Lome

贝宁 Republic of Benin 波多诺伏 Porto-Novo

喀麦隆 Republic of Cameroon 雅温得 Yaounde

加蓬 Gabonese Republic 利伯维尔 Libreville

赤道几内亚 Republic of Equatorial Guinea 马拉博 Malabo

圣多美和普林西比 Democratic Republic of Sao Tome and Principe 圣多美 Sao Tome

中非 Central African Republic 班吉 Bangui

刚果 Republic of the Congo 布拉柴维尔 Brazzaville

刚果民主共和国 Democratic Republic of the Congo 金沙萨 Kinshasa

乌干达 Republic of Uganda 坎帕拉 Kampala

卢旺达 Republic of Rwanda 基加利 Kigali

布隆迪 Republic of Burundi 布琼布拉 Bujumbura

坦桑尼亚 United Republic of Tanzania 达累斯萨拉姆 Dodoma

肯尼亚 Republic of Kenya 内罗华 Nairobi

安哥拉 Republic of Angola 罗安达 Luanda

赞比亚 Republic of Zambia 卢萨卡 Lusaka

马拉维 Republic of Malawi 利隆圭 Lilongwe

莫桑比克 Republic of Mozambique 马普托 Maputo

马达加斯加 Republic of Madagascar 塔那那利佛 Antananarivo

科摩罗 Union of the Comoros 莫罗尼 Moroni

塞舌尔 Republic of Seychelles 维多利亚 Victoria

毛里求斯 Republic of Mauritius 路易港 Port Louis

津巴布韦 Republic of Zimbabwe 哈拉雷 Harare

博茨瓦纳 Republic of Botswana 哈博罗内 Gaborone

纳米比亚 Republic of Namibia 温得和克 Windhoek

斯威士兰 Kingdom of Swaziland 姆巴巴内 Mbabane

莱索托 Kingdom of Lesotho 马塞卢 Maseru

南非 Republic of South Africa 比勒陀利亚 Cape Town

澳大利亚 Commonwealth of Australia 堪培拉 Canberra

巴布亚新几内亚 Independent State of Papua New Guinea 莫尔兹比港 Port Moresby

所罗门群岛 Solomon Islands 霍尼亚拉 Honiara

瓦努阿图 Republic of Vanuatu 维拉港 Port-Vila

新西兰 New Zealand 惠灵顿 Wellington

斐济 Republic of the Fiji Islands 苏瓦 Suva

汤加 Kingdom of Tonga 努库阿洛法 Nuku'alofa

瑙鲁 Republic of Nauru 亚伦 Yaren District

基里巴斯 Republic of Kiribati 塔拉瓦 Tarawa

图瓦卢 Tuvalu 富纳富提 Funafuti

萨摩亚 Independent State of Samoa 阿皮亚 Apia

密克罗尼西亚联邦 Federated States of Micronesia 帕利基尔 Palikir

马绍尔群岛 Republic of the Marshall Islands 马朱罗 Majuro

帕劳 Republic of Palau 科罗尔 Koror

加拿大 Canada 渥太华 Ottawa

美国 United States of America 华盛顿 Washington

墨西哥 United Mexican States 墨西哥城 Mexico City

危地马拉 Republic of Guatemala 危地马拉 Guatemala

伯利兹 Belize 贝尔莫潘 Belmopan

萨尔瓦多 Republic of El Salvador 圣萨尔瓦多 San Salvador

洪都拉斯 Republic of Honduras 特古西加尔巴 Tegucigalpa

尼加拉瓜 Republic of Nicaragua 马那瓜 Managua

哥斯达黎加 Republic of Costa Rica 圣何塞 San Jose

巴拿马 Republic of Panama 巴拿马城 Panama

古巴 Republic of Cuba 哈瓦那 Havana

巴哈马 Commonwealth of the Bahamas 拿骚 Nassau

海地 Republic of Haiti 太子港 Port-au-Prince

多米尼加共和国 Dominican Republic 圣多明各 Santo Domingo

牙买加 Jamaica 金斯敦 Kingston

圣基茨和尼维斯 Federation of Saint Kitts and Nevis 巴斯特尔 Basseterre

安提瓜和巴布达 Antigua and Barbuda 圣约翰 Saint John's

多米尼克 Commonwealth of Dominica 罗索 Roseau

圣卢西亚 Saint Lucia 卡斯特里 Castries

圣文森特和格林纳丁斯 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 金斯敦 Kingstown

格林纳达 Grenada 圣乔治 Saint George's

巴巴多斯 Barbados 布里奇敦 Bridgetown

特立尼达和多巴哥 Republic of Trinidad and Tobago 西班牙港 Port-of-Spain

哥伦比亚 Republic of Colombia 波哥大 Bogota

厄瓜多尔 Republic of Ecuador 基多 Quito

委内瑞拉 Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela 加拉加斯 Caracas

圭亚那 Co-operative Republic of Guyana 乔治敦 Georgetown

苏里南 Republic of Suriname 帕拉马里博 aramaribo

秘鲁 Republic of Peru 利马 Lima

玻利维亚 Republic of Bolivia 苏克雷 Sucre

巴拉圭 Republic of Paraguay 亚松森 Asuncion

阿根廷 Argentine Republic 布宜诺斯艾利斯 Buenos Aires

乌拉圭 Oriental Republic of Uruguay 蒙得维的亚 Montevide

巴西 Federative Republic of Brazil 巴西利亚 Brasilia

智利 Republic of Chile 圣地亚哥 Santiago

世界各国都有各自的国宝，有的是稀有动物，有的是名贵植物；有的是古代文物，有的是古代建筑；有的是珠宝艺术品，也有的竟然是文学大师……。这些国宝受到所在国家的特别保护，它（他）们大都作为无价之宝，成为国家的骄傲和象征。

山国尼泊尔南部的皇家奇特旺国家公园，盛产世界上的稀有动物——独角犀牛。犀牛是陆地上仅次于大象的第二大动物，在国际市场上，一头独角黑犀牛的价值3亿元人民币。它的身价之所以高，主要是因为其角、齿、骨和血在医学上均有较高的价值，被东方医学者视为珍品。犀牛角有清热解毒、凉血的作用，效果十分明显，一只售价就达数10万元。据说，用犀角制成的高脚杯，还能鉴别酒中是否有毒。尼泊尔政府一向把这种稀有的珍贵动物视为国宝，严禁捕猎，并把犀牛角等列为国家禁止出口的药材，违者将受到极刑的处罚。

位于中南半岛西部的缅甸，蕴藏着世界75%以上的柚木资源。这种木材质地坚实，具有抗震动、收缩率小的特点，是造船和建筑业的上等材料。又因为柚木木质细腻，花纹优美。常用于制造上等家具和雕刻工艺。缅甸古都曼德勒宏伟豪华的皇宫城楼、金碧辉煌的庙宇、古朴典雅的佛塔林以及造型生动、千资百态的佛像，都是以柚木为原料做成的。因此，早在1752年，柚木就被缅王宣布为“皇家树木”，历代政府视柚木为国宝；严禁滥砍乱伐，并明文规定：凡胸径在1.22米以上的柚木，均剥皮挂号，按标记进行砍伐和起运。

印度洋上的岛国塞舌尔由92个大小岛屿组成，是一个风景奇丽的国家，也是世界上为数不多的保持原始生态的地方之一，在塞舌尔群岛的第二大岛——普拉斯兰岛，有一种世界独一无二的原始椰林，当地人称之为海底椰子。这种椰子是椰子中的珍品，它生长缓慢，但生命力极强，一株椰树能活千余年。一般25岁开始结果，能连续结果850年以上。一株椰树一次可结果几十个，每个果实重达30公斤。海底椰树雌雄异株，雄椰树的果实呈略微弯曲的长棒型，长达1米多；雌椰树的果实则如女人骨盆状，大如面盆。在塞舌尔旅行，常可见到公厕门上分别画着雌雄椰子果，以示区别男女厕所。目前，普拉斯兰鸟上有4000多株海底椰树，有的高达30多米，树龄都超过几百年，有的甚至已达千年，仍然枝叶茂盛，果实累累。据植物学家研究，海底椰子犹如中国的水杉，是在漫长的生物进化过程中遗留下来的活化石，其果核又是名贵的工艺品原料。物以稀为贵，一个海底椰子果价值二三百美元。 塞舌尔政府已正式规定海底椰子为国宝，普拉斯兰岛划为自然保护区，禁止任何人采摘，严禁私运出国。

驰名世界的文化古城——吴哥古迹，被柬埔寨人民视做国家一宝，吴哥寺是柬埔寨历史最悠久、规模最宏大的古寺，也是保存最完好的名刹。它建于公元12~13世纪，共有各式建筑物600多座。据说，建筑吴哥寺时，先后被征召的民工有1500万之多。建筑材料中使用的石块最重的达8吨，但它竟没有采用任何粘合物。在柬埔寨的国旗上，吴哥窟是特别明显的图案。

在津巴布韦索尔兹伯里的博物馆中，陈列着象征津巴布韦民族文化的5只“津巴布韦岛”，它是用软质皂石雕刻而成。这些鸟身高20~30厘米不等，站在1~2米长的皂石柱上，各具神韵，反映了当时非洲人的宗教信仰。这些鸟是津巴布韦的国宝，在该国的国旗和货币上，也者有这种岛的标记。

中国的唐三彩釉陶制品，因创始于唐代，以黄、绿、白或红、绿、白三色釉为主而得名。叙利亚国家博物馆中珍藏的国宝，就是一个公元9世纪的唐三彩陶俑。陶俑右手握剑，右手执盾，一身蒙古骑兵装束。陶俑造型生动别致，彩饰新颖细腻，釉色莹润鲜亮，反映了中国古代陶次艺术的高度水平。叙利亚把这个国宝印成邮票，制成明信片并拍成彩色照片大量发售。叙利亚政府为何重视这件艺术珍品?这是因为它是大马士革成为“丝绸之路”上重要通道的见证。据当地历史记载，公元115年前后，中国的丝绸和陶瓷器先传到大马士革，再运往罗马。

非洲大陆南端的“南非”，因独特的造山运动和地理特点，孕育了罕见的金刚石矿藏。自1866年一个南非女童在拮河拾到一颗净重21.5克拉的金钢石后，立即出现了一股金钢石热。人们云集拮河两岸，到处挖掘。1935年，发现了自挖掘金刚石以来最大的一颗巨型金刚石，净重竟达3025克拉。从此人们把它视为国宝。

文明古国伊朗素以稀世瑰宝荟萃著称。世界上5颗最大已琢磨过的钻石之一“光海”，就是伊朗最著名的宝石，也是伊朗的国宝。“光海”宝石在世界宝石界资格甚老，与“光山”是一对姊妹钻石，老家在印度。1739年被波斯的纳狄尔作为战利品，从印度带到波斯。后来，“光山”又落入英国人之后，成为英王皇冠上的宝石。而“光海”在1902年也成为穆士法尔·乌德——但丁国王特制皇冠上的宝石。它重182克拉，沉睡在德黑兰中央地下宝的珠宝馆中。

别具一格的要数法国的国宝了。法国的国宝不是物，而是一位名叫科莱特的女作家。科莱特的小说《克芬婷在学校》一问世，立即轰动了巴黎，小说一版再版，“克芬婷”的名字家喻户晓，后来，科莱特又写出了《克芬婷在巴黎》等数十部作品，献给了法国人民和世界，从而赢得了人们的崇敬。1954年，科莱特逝世，政府破例为她举行了隆重的国葬，并把她称之为“法兰西的国宝”。

世界上其他许多国家也有国宝，如葡萄牙的软木、泰国的大象、英国的英王皇冠、希腊的维纳斯、加纳的金凳子、埃及的金字塔、日本的鉴真大和尚塑像，中国的永乐大钟……等等。另外，许多国家的国宝也并非只有一种，如缅甸的国宝除了柚木外，还有塔城甘蒲。

鹏仔 微信 15129739599

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