解析英语语法过去完成时

解析英语语法过去完成时

　英语语法过去完成时，是表示过去某一时间或动作以前已经发生或完成了的动作或存在的状态。那么，英语过去完成时的句子结构和语法特点是怎样的呢?跟随我来学习一下吧！

　过去完成时：

　表示发生在过去的两个动作在前的那一个，它表示句子中描述的动作发生在“过去的过去”。

　基本形式：

　过去完成时由had+过去分词构成，因此无人称变化

　肯定式：

　I had/I'd worked等

　否定式：

　I had not/hadn't worked等

　疑问式：

　had I worked等

　否定疑问式：

　had I not/hadn't I worked等

　时态用法：

　1. 过去完成时是与现在完成时相当的过去式：

　现在完成时：Ann has just left.If you hurry you’ll catch her.(安刚刚走。如果你快一点，就能追上她。)

　过去完成时：When I arrived Ann had just left.(我到的时候，安刚刚离开。)

　但是，过去完成时不像现在完成时那样限于表达未指明时间的.动作，因此可以说：He had left his case on the 4∶40 train.(他把手提箱丢在4点40分的火车上了。)

　2.现在完成时可以和 since/for/always等词连用，表示一个开始于过去并仍在继续或刚刚结束的动：

　与此同理，过去完成时也可以用来表示在所说的过去某一时刻之前就已开始的动作。

　1)在该时刻仍然在继续。

　例如：Bill was in uniform when I met him.He had been a soldier for ten years.(我遇到比尔的时候，他身穿军服。那时他已经当了十年兵了。)

　2)在该时刻停止或刚刚停止。

　例如：The old oak tree, which had stood in the churchyard for 300 years, suddenly crashed to the ground.(屹立在教堂墓地上已300百年之久的老橡树突然间哗啦一声巨响倒在地上。)

　但应注意，过去完成时还可以用来表示：

　3)在所说时刻之前某一时候停止的动作。

　例如：He had served in the army for ten years; then he retired and married.(他在军队里服役十年，后来退伍并结了婚。)

　3. 过去完成时也是一般过去时的过去时，用来表示叙述者或主语在过去的某一时刻回顾更早的动作：

　例如：He met her in Paris in 1977.He had last seen her ten years before.Herhair had been grey then; now it was white.(1977年他在巴黎遇见了她。他上一次见到她是十年之前。那时她的头发是灰白的，这时已经全白了。)

　拓展阅读

　一、一般过去时的英语语法

　1.一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用。

　一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作感谢。

　2.Be动词在一般过去时中的变化：

　⑴am 和is在一般过去时中变为was。(was not=wasn’t)

　⑵are在一般过去时中变为were。(were not=weren’t)

　⑶带有was或were的句子，其否定、疑问的变化和is, am, are一样，即否定句在was或were后加not，一般疑问句把was或were调到句首。

　3.句中没有be动词的一般过去时的句子

　否定句：didn’t +动词原形，如：Jim didn’t go home yesterday.

　一般疑问句：在句首加did，句子中的动词过去式变回原形。如：Did Jim go home yesterday?

　特殊疑问句：

　⑴疑问词+did+主语+动词原形?如： What did Jim do yesterday?

　⑵疑问词当主语时：疑问词+动词过去式?如：Who went to home yesterday?

　动词过去式变化规则：

　1.一般在动词末尾加-ed，如：pull-pulled, cook-cooked

　2.结尾是e加d，如：taste-tasted

　3.末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-ed，如：stop-stopped

　4.以“辅音字母+y”结尾的，变y为i，

　再加-ed，如：study-studied

　5.不规则动词过去式： am,is-was, are-were, do-did, see-saw, say-said, give-gave, get-got, go-went, come-came, have-had, eat-ate, take-took, run-ran, sing-sang, put-put, make-made, read-read, write-wrote, draw-drew, drink-drank, fly-flew, ride-rode, speak-spoke, sweep-swept, swim-swam, sit-sat

　动词be(is,am,are)的用法

　我(I)用am, 你(you)用are，is跟着他(he)，她(she)，它(it)。

　单数名词用is，复数名词全用are。变否定，更容易，be后not加上去。

　变疑问，往前提，句末问号莫丢弃。

　还有一条须注意，句首大写莫忘记。

　二、过去进行时的英语语法

　(一)定义

　过去进行时，是表示过去某个具体时刻正在进行的事情或动作。

　(二)结构

　was/were +doing (现在分词)

　(三)用法

　1、过去进行时表示过去某段时间内持续进行的动作或者事情。常用的时间状语this morning, the whole morning, all day yesterday, from nine to ten last evening, when, while

　例如：

　(1)We were watching TV from seven to nine last night.

　昨天晚上七点到九点的时候我们在看电视。

　(2)What was he researching all day last Sunday?

　上周日他一整天都在研究什么?

　(3)My brother fell while he was riding his bicycle and hurt himself.

　我哥哥骑自行车的时候从车上摔下来，受伤了。

　(4)It was raining when they left the station.

　他们离开车站的时候天正在下雨。

　(5)When I got to the top of the mountain, the sun was shining.

　当我到达山顶的时候，阳光灿烂。

　2. 过去进行时可以表示在过去某个时间点发生的事情。时间点可以用介词短语、副词或从句来表示。

　如：

　What was she doing at nine o'clock yesterday?

　昨天晚上九点她在做什么? (介词短语表示时间点)

　When I saw him he was decorating his room.

　当我看见他的时候他正在装饰房间。(when从句表示时间点)

　3. 在复合句中，如果主要动作和背景动作都是延续的或同时发生的，那么主从句的动词都可用过去进行时。

　例如：

　While he was waiting for the bus, he was reading a newspaper.

　他边等车边看报。(两个动作都是延续的)

　He was cleaning his car while I was cooking.

　他擦车时我在做饭。(两个动作同时进行)

　4、表示在过去即将发生的动作。

　如：She asked him whether he was coming back for supper.

　5、表示过去的反复性或习惯性的动作，常与副词

　always,constantly,continually,frequently等连用，常常带有说话人的某种感情色彩。

　如：

　His mother was always working like that.

　他目前总是那样工作。

　6. 通常不能用于过去进行时的动词主要有：

　agree, be, believe, belong, care, forget, hate, have(拥有), hear, know, like, love, mean, mind, notice, own, remember, seem, suppose, understand, want, wish等。

feed的读音是：英[fi?d]。

feed的读音是：英[fi?d]。feed的例句是用作及物动词(vt.)Will you feed my cat for me?请帮我喂我的猫好吗。feed的词语用法是v.(动词)feed的基本意思是“喂食”“吃”,适用于人、动物或植物。引申可用于一切消耗外界物质以维持其自身生命的东西,作“使满足; 助长; 激励; 注入”解。

一、详尽释义点此查看feed的详细内容

n.(名词)（丰盛的）一餐饲料，饲草，牧草，草料机进料器喜剧演员的逗噱搭档馈电，供电饲养，喂养饭食吃饭机进刀传送送料，上料加水机送料管v.(动词)吃，吃饭，吃东西投入供给，提供满足，得到满足，得到滋养加深喂（养）饲（养）进（料）向...提供抚养（家庭）以...为食物，用...做食料，给…以食物，给...饮食，给...东西吃，为…供食物以...为能源靠...生活进入给（婴儿）喂奶使吃草，放牧（家畜）用...作牧场物馈入通过线路向电台传送（节目）以供广播吃饲料流入，注入腻烦开始产生影响二、英英释义

Noun:food for domestic livestock

Verb:provide as food;"Feed the guests the nuts"

give food to;"Feed the starving children in India"

"don't give the child this tough meat"

feed into; supply;"Her success feeds her vanity"

introduce continuously;"feed carrots into a food processor"

support or promote;"His admiration fed her vanity"

take in food; used of animals only;"This dog doesn't eat certain kinds of meat"

"What do whales eat?"

serve as food for; be the food for;"This dish feeds six"

move along, of liquids;"Water flowed into the cave"

"the Missouri feeds into the Mississippi"

profit from in an exploitatory manner;"He feeds on her insecurity"

gratify;"feed one's eyes on a gorgeous view"

provide with fertilizers or add nutrients to;"We should fertilize soil if we want to grow healthy plants"

三、词典解释

1.养;喂;饲养

If youfeed a person or animal, you give them food to eat and sometimes actually put it in their mouths.

e.g. We brought along pieces of old bread and fed the birds...

我们拿了几片陈面包来喂鸟。

e.g. She fed him a cookie...

她给他吃了一块饼干。

feeding

The feeding of dairy cows has undergone a revolution.

乳牛的喂养方法发生了巨大的改变。2.供养，养活(家庭或群体)

Tofeed a family or a community means to supply food for them.

e.g. Feeding a hungry family can be expensive.

养活饥肠辘辘的一家人花费很大。

e.g. ...a food reserve large enough tofeed the Sudanese population for many months.

足够苏丹人吃好多个月的食物储备

3.(动物)吃食，进食

When an animalfeeds, it eats or drinks something.

e.g. After a few days the caterpillars stopped feeding...

几天后毛虫停止进食。

e.g. Slugsfeed on decaying plant and animal material.

蛞蝓以腐烂的动植物为食。

4.吃奶;给…喂奶

When a babyfeeds, or when youfeed it, it drinks breast milk or milk from a bottle.

e.g. When a baby is thirsty, it feeds more often...

婴儿渴的时候，吃奶就会更频繁。

e.g. I knew absolutely nothing about handling or feeding a baby.

我对如何抱婴儿、如何给婴儿喂食一无所知。

5.饲料

Animalfeed is food given to animals, especially farm animals.

e.g. The grain just rotted and all they could use it for was animalfeed.

谷物完全烂掉了，他们能将其派上的唯一用场就是作动物饲料。

e.g. ...poultryfeed.

家禽饲料

6.源源不断地供给;输送

Tofeed something to a place, means to supply it to that place in a steady flow.

e.g. ...blood vessels thatfeed blood to the brain.

将血液输送到大脑的血管

e.g. ...gas fed through pipelines.

通过管道输送的燃气

7.将…放到，将…投入(容器或装置中)

If youfeed somethinginto a container or piece of equipment, you put it into it.

feed

e.g. He took the compact disc from her, then fed it into the player...

他从她手里接过光盘，放入播放机中。

e.g. She was feeding documents into a paper shredder.

她将文件放入碎纸机。

8.向…泄露(秘密);向…灌输,向…通报(虚假信息)

If someonefeeds you false or secret information, they deliberately tell it to you.

e.g. He was surrounded by people who fed him ghastly lies...

他周围的人都在给他灌输可怕的谎言。

e.g. At least one British officer was feeding him with classified information.

至少有一个英国官员在向他提供机密情报。

9.加深，加强(厌恶或渴望)

If youfeed someone's dislike or desire for something, you make it stronger.

e.g. The divorce was painfully public, feeding her dislike of the press.

离婚的事张扬出去，她十分痛苦，更加厌恶媒体了。

10.给…施肥

If youfeed a plant, you add substances to it to make it grow well.

e.g. Feed plants to encourage steady growth.

给植物施肥促使其不断生长。

11.(因…而)壮大;(从…中)得到滋养

If one thingfeeds on another, it becomes stronger as a result of the other thing's existence.

e.g. The drinking and the guilt fed on each other.

酗酒和犯罪彼此助长。

12.将(信息)输入(计算机)

Tofeed informationinto a computer means to gradually put it into it.

e.g. An automatic weather station feeds information on wind direction to the computer.

自动化气象站将风向信息输入计算机。

13. to bite the hand that feeds you -> see bite

mouths tofeed -> see mouth

相关词组：feed up

四、例句

Will you feed my cat for me?

请帮我喂我的猫好吗？

What do you feed the poultry on?

你们用什么饲料喂养家禽?

They feed on plankton, the sea's drifting life.

它们吃以浮游生物为生。

Dor locate flying insects on which they feed.

或者找到它们赖以为生的昆虫。

He has to work hard to feed and clothe his family.

他必须努力工作以供给全家吃穿。

Birds feed on worms and grains.

鸟以虫和谷物为食。

How many feeds a day does this dog get?

这只狗每天吃几顿？

They usually feed a moist mash to fowls.

他们通常用谷糠煮成的湿饲料喂养家禽。

There are farm animals you can see and feed here.

这里可以看到农场小动物，而且可以饲料喂食。

More grain is going to feed cattle.

更多的谷物被用于饲养家畜。

Why are giraffes the cheapest to feed?

为什么长颈鹿是最容易饲养的？

五、词汇搭配

用作动词 (v.)～+名词feed animals喂动物feed data提供资料feed information提供信息feed lake流入湖泊feed materials提供材料feed one's face吃饭feed one's family养家糊口feed power供电feed reservoir流入水库feed river流入河流feed sea流入海洋feed the chicken喂小鸡～+副词feed artfully巧妙地喂养feed back反应,反响,反馈feed beneficially有益地喂养feed carefully小心地喂养feed consistently一贯地供养feed continually持续地供养feed delicately以美食喂养feed dietetically以有营养的食物喂养feed heavily大量地吃feed high吃得又多又好feed in送进,输入,插入feed poorly吃得不好,粗茶淡饭feed regularly正常地供用feed scientifically科学地喂养feed serenely无忧无虑地喂养feed sparingly节俭地供用feed sumptuously大量地喂养feed up the children给这些孩子增加些营养feed up供给…营养,养肥feed voraciously贪婪地喂养feed well吃得好～+介词feed from来自feed into流入,把…送给〔送进〕…feed into the machine把…送进机器里feed off向…觅食,从…中取食feed off a big plate吃大盘子里的东西feed on用…喂养,以…为食物,靠吃…过活,以…为生feed on vegetable diet吃素feed with用…供给,用…喂用作名词 (n.)动词+～get a feed吃一顿give a feed喂一次have a feed吃一顿leave feed for为…留饲料形容词+～automatic feed〈机〉自动进口,自动进给enough feed足够的饲料full feed足量的喂食good feed美餐granulated feed颗粒饲料green feed绿色饲料little feed很少的饲料名词+～bird feed鸟饲料chicken feed鸡饲料,低微的薪水,零钱clockwork feed钟表的发条cylinder feed气缸进气livestock feed家畜饲料paste feed糊状饲料petrol feed汽油进料poultry feed高蛋白家禽饲料～+名词feed grains饲料谷物介词+～at feed在吃草off one's feed厌食,因病不想吃东西,身体不适on the feed在进食,在寻食～+介词feed for作为…的饲料六、经典引文

Turnips for next year's winter feed.

出自：M. ShadboltTom shall feed us on eggs and milk.

出自：E. M. Forster七、词源解说

☆ 直接源自古英语的fedan；最初源自原始日耳曼语的fothjanan，意为哺育，喂养。feed的相关近义词

graze、nourish、pasture、fodder

feed的相关反义词

fast、hunger、starve、dissatisfy

feed的相关临近词

feedback、feeble、feedv、feedex、feedin、feedleg、feedway、feedbag、feed up、feedack、feeding、feedtip

点此查看更多关于feed的详细信息

百科狗 baikegou.com